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Equipment

Amine Sweetening

Amine sweetening systems remove H₂S and CO₂ from sour gas to meet required downstream or sales-gas specifications. SPEC configures the system around feed-gas composition, operating conditions and required outlet specification.

Skid-mounted amine sweetening system: contactor and regenerator columns, clad reboiler and air-cooled exchangers on a single structural baseSkid-mounted amine sweetening system: contactor and regenerator columns, clad reboiler and air-cooled exchangers on a single structural base
Project reference

Sour Gas Processing Plant for Dewan Petroleum Salsabil Gas Field, Pakistan 2008

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ScopeTwo 30 MMSCFD amine gas sweetening trains for a 60 MMSCFD sour gas plant.

Application

Removing Acid Gas from Sour Natural Gas

Natural gas may contain hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). These acid gases can cause corrosion in the presence of water. Amine sweetening reduces H₂S and CO₂ to the concentrations required by the downstream process or sales-gas specification.

The solvent and process configuration are selected from the feed composition, operating conditions and the required outlet H₂S and CO₂ concentrations. Amine sweetening is typically selected where the duty calls for:

  • Removal of high concentrations of acid gas from the inlet stream

  • Reducing CO₂ and H₂S to sales-gas specification

  • Meeting sulphur content regulations

  • Preventing corrosion in downstream equipment and pipelines

  • Increasing the heating value of the natural gas

  • Continuous operation, with the amine regenerated in the loop

  • Removal of organic sulphur compounds with the addition of physical solvents

Process

How the Unit Works

Sour gas passes through an inlet scrubber to remove contaminants before contacting the amine. The scrubbed gas enters the absorber, where trays or structured packing provide the contact area for the down-flowing amine to absorb the acid gases. Sweet gas leaves the top of the absorber; rich amine leaves the bottom.

Rich amine passes through a flash tank and the rich/lean heat exchanger before entering the regenerator. Reboiler heat releases the absorbed acid gases. The overhead condenser cools the acid-gas and water-vapour stream, condensing water that is separated in the reflux accumulator and returned to the column. The remaining acid gas is routed to the specified downstream handling system. Regenerated lean amine is heat-exchanged, cooled and pumped back to the absorber.

System configuration

Major Equipment Within the System

System configuration varies with process duty, operating conditions and project requirements.

  • Vertical pressure vessel, illustration

    Inlet Scrubber

    Removes contaminants from the sour gas before it meets the amine; typically integrated with the absorber.

  • Contactor column with access platforms, illustration

    Absorber

    Brings the sour gas into contact with down-flowing amine over trays or structured packing, where the acid gases are absorbed.

  • Horizontal pressure vessel on saddles, illustration

    Flash Tank

    Releases hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon condensate carried by the rich amine.

  • Shell and tube heat exchanger, illustration

    Rich/Lean Amine Exchanger

    Preheats the rich amine before the still column and cools the lean amine on its way back.

  • Stripping column with access platforms, illustration

    Still Column (Regenerator)

    Regenerates the amine: acid gases leave at the top and lean amine leaves at the bottom.

  • Skid-mounted reboiler, illustration

    Amine Reboiler

    Supplies the heat that releases the absorbed acid gases from the amine.

  • Air-cooled exchanger, illustration

    Reflux Condenser and Accumulator

    Cool the overhead stream and separate the condensed water, which returns to the still column.

Also in the scope of supply

  • Vessels: surge tank
  • Rotating equipment: booster pump, circulation pump, reflux pump
  • Filtration: amine filters
  • Instrumentation and safety: analogue pressure and temperature indicators, pneumatic controllers, pneumatic control valves, pressure safety valves

Options

  • Spare pumps: installed spares to maintain circulation during maintenance
  • Electro-pneumatic system with PLC: integrated control in place of standalone pneumatic instrumentation
  • Hot oil system: alternative reboiler heat medium where fired duty is not preferred

The equipment can be supplied skid-mounted. Final equipment arrangement and delivery format depend on process duty, transport constraints and site requirements. Design pressure, temperature and capacity envelope to be confirmed by SPEC engineering.

Advantages

Why Amine

High acid gas loading

Removes high concentrations of CO2 and H2S in a single treatment step.

Continuous regeneration

The solvent is stripped and returned in the loop rather than replaced in batches.

Extendable to organic sulphur

Organic sulphur compounds can also be removed with the addition of physical solvents.

Engineering

Design and Simulation

Amine units are designed with process simulation software built for amine systems, together with in-house design tools. This accounts for the variables that govern amine performance and confirms the design against its specification before fabrication.

Amine sweetening system arrangement: absorber and stripper columns, rich/lean exchanger and two-level access platform on a single skid
Amine skid detail: shell and tube exchangers, level bridles and valve manifold on a structural base frame

Related

Also in Gas Conditioning

Process data

What We Need for a Quotation

  • Gas flow rate
  • Operating pressure and temperature
  • Gas analysis, with H₂S and CO₂ content
  • Required outlet H₂S and CO₂ specification
  • Acid-gas disposal requirement
  • Reboiler heat source and available utilities
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Welders working on a pressure vessel at SPEC's Jebel Ali fabrication facility

Enquiries

Talk to Our Engineering Team

Send us your process data and operating conditions, and we will review the duty with you.

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